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Teaching Smart People How to Learn

Teaching Smart People How to Learn

by Chris Argyris

Competitive success depends on learning, but most people, including professionals in leadership positions, are not very good at it. Learning is a function of how people reason about their own behavior. Yet most people engage in defensive reasoning when confronted with problems. They blame others and avoid examining critically the way they have contributed to problems. Companies need to make managers’ and employees’ reasoning patterns a focus of continuous improvement efforts.

This article includes a one-page preview that quickly summarizes the key ideas and provides an overview of how the concepts work in practice along with suggestions for further reading.

Ancient World Leaders – Hannibal

Ancient World Leaders – Hannibal

Hannibal Barca was an extraordinary military leader and political reformer in the ancient world. His Carthaginian army’s march with elephants over the Alps to attack rival Rome in 218 BCE is one of the most daring exploits in world history. Hannibal sacrificed his life to leadership and war, and became such a force in the world’s imagination that centuries after his death, Roman mothers would scare their children by threatening, ‘Hannibal is at the gates’. His sacrifice of self to a larger cause is still an inspiration today, and his battle plans are studied by modern students of conflict and war. Read in “Hannibal” how his personal discipline and charisma remain models for world leadership.